Periapical Lesions: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments
Periapical lesions are pathological conditions located at or near the apex of a tooth root, typically resulting from infection of the pulp chamber due to caries, trauma, or other irritants. These lesions are the body’s immune response to bacterial invasion that has spread beyond the root canal system into the periapical tissues. In endodontic pathology, […]
EDTA in Dentistry: Applications and Clinical Relevance
Modern dentistry increasingly relies on biochemical agents to complement mechanical procedures, especially in endodontics. Among these agents, EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) stands out for its ability to dissolve inorganic materials and modify the dentin substrate. First introduced into dentistry in the mid-20th century, EDTA’s use has become routine in endodontic treatment due to its powerful chelating […]
Bioceramic Sealers in Endodontics
In recent years, bioceramic sealers have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional sealers due to their favorable properties. This article delves into the characteristics, advantages, limitations, and clinical applications of bioceramic sealers in endodontics. Understanding Bioceramic Sealers Bioceramic sealers are a relatively recent advancement in the field of endodontic materials, offering a new approach […]
Calcium Hydroxide in Dentistry: Applications and Clinical Relevance
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)â‚‚) is a cornerstone material in modern dentistry, particularly in endodontics and restorative procedures. Its unique chemical properties—including high alkalinity (pH ~12.5), antimicrobial action, and ability to stimulate mineralized tissue formation—make it indispensable for various therapeutic applications. This article explores the multifaceted uses of calcium hydroxide in dentistry, detailing its mechanisms, clinical applications, […]
Internal Root Resorption: Diagnosis and Management
Internal root resorption (IRR) is a pathological condition characterized by the progressive loss of dentin and pulpal walls from the inside of the root canal system. Unlike external resorption that begins on the outer surface of the tooth, internal resorption initiates within the root canal, often without noticeable symptoms in its early stages. Though it […]
Ledging and Transportation of Root Canal
Endodontic treatment involves the mechanical and chemical debridement of the root canal system followed by its obturation. The goal is to shape the canal to facilitate effective cleaning and allow for a three-dimensional seal that prevents reinfection. However, due to the anatomical complexity of root canal systems and technical limitations, procedural mishaps such as ledging […]