Aggressive and Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases
Periodontal diseases encompass a wide range of inflammatory conditions affecting the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Among these, aggressive periodontitis and necrotizing periodontal diseases represent severe and rapidly progressive forms of periodontal pathology that demand urgent diagnosis and management. Historically, aggressive periodontitis was considered a distinct […]
Diagnosis and Monitoring of Periodontal Diseases
Periodontal diseases are among the most prevalent oral health conditions worldwide, characterized by inflammation and destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth — the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Early diagnosis and continuous monitoring are vital for effective prevention, management, and prognosis. A comprehensive periodontal evaluation encompasses a thorough history, clinical and […]
Gingivitis and Periodontitis: From Pathogenesis to Clinical Features
The health of the periodontium — the supporting structures of the teeth — is fundamental to oral and overall well-being. Periodontal diseases, encompassing gingivitis and periodontitis, are among the most common chronic inflammatory conditions affecting humans. While gingivitis refers to inflammation limited to the gingival tissues, periodontitis represents a more destructive process involving the loss […]
Aetiology of Periodontal Disease
Periodontal disease represents one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory conditions affecting humankind. It is characterized by the destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. The primary etiological agent of periodontal disease is dental plaque, a complex biofilm composed of microorganisms embedded in an extracellular […]
Oral Microbiology
The oral cavity represents one of the most complex microbial ecosystems in the human body. It harbors a rich and dynamic microbial community composed of bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, and archaea, existing in a delicate balance between health and disease. The field of oral microbiology explores these microorganisms, their ecological interactions, and their roles in […]
Epidemiology and Clinical Assessment of Periodontal Disease
Periodontal disease is one of the most prevalent oral health problems worldwide, characterized by inflammation of the gingiva and progressive destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth. Its impact extends beyond oral health, influencing systemic conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Understanding the epidemiology of periodontal disease and the use […]