radiotherapy

Radiotherapy: Types and Techniques

Radiotherapy, also known as radiation therapy, is a cornerstone in the management of cancer, utilized in approximately 50% of all cancer patients. It employs ionizing radiation to eradicate cancer cells, shrink tumors, and alleviate symptoms. Over the past century, radiotherapy has undergone significant evolution, transitioning from rudimentary techniques to sophisticated, precision-based treatments. This article provides […]

genioplasty

Genioplasty Surgery: Chin Augmentation and Reshaping

Genioplasty, often referred to as chin surgery, is a cosmetic and reconstructive procedure that alters the shape, size, and projection of the chin. The chin plays a pivotal role in facial aesthetics, influencing the harmony and balance of facial features. A well-proportioned chin enhances the jawline, contributes to facial symmetry, and can significantly impact one’s […]

Retained root extraction

Retained Root Extraction: Surgical Techniques and Considerations

Retained root extraction is a common dental procedure involving the removal of tooth roots that remain embedded in the alveolar bone following the loss or extraction of a tooth crown. These roots may be left intentionally during a difficult extraction, may result from trauma or decay, or may simply go unnoticed in the oral cavity. […]

bone healing

Bone Healing Process

Bone is a dynamic and highly vascularized tissue with an impressive capacity for regeneration and repair. Unlike many tissues in the human body, bone can heal without forming a fibrous scar, often restoring its pre-injury mechanical strength and structural integrity. This unique regenerative ability sets bone apart and underscores the complexity and elegance of the […]

facial pain

Facial Pain: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Facial pain is a common yet often complex medical complaint that can arise from a wide array of underlying conditions. For some, it’s a mild and fleeting discomfort, while for others, it can become a chronic and debilitating issue that significantly affects quality of life. The face contains numerous structures—muscles, nerves, bones, sinuses, and blood […]

Autogenous Block Graft: Indications and Surgical Technique

In modern dentistry and maxillofacial surgery, bone grafting plays a crucial role in restoring bone deficiencies caused by trauma, disease, congenital defects, or atrophy. Among the various bone grafting techniques available, autogenous block grafting is considered the gold standard due to its osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive properties. Unlike allografts or xenografts, which rely on external […]